How do I know if I'm ovulating?
Symptoms of ovulation include premenstrual breast tenderness, lower abdominal bloating, menstrual cramps, and moodiness (also known as molimina) [1].
Ovulation may be confirmed by an increase in the basal body temperature of 0.5 to 1.0 degrees F the day after ovulation occurs. Readings are most accurate when they are taken immediately on awakening before any activity. The rise in the basal body temperature (BBT) appears to be caused by an increased level of progesterone which is secreted from the site of ovulation in the ovary (the corpus luteum) . A sustained rise in the basal body temperature or a progesterone level greater than 5 ng/ml is evidence of ovulation. However, progesterone levels greater than 10 ng/ml are more common in cycles in which conception has occurred [2].
How do I know when I'm ovulating?
Although there appears to be a wide variation ovulation usually occurs on day 14 of a 28 day cycle [3]. Conception is most likely to occur if sexual intercourse has occurred the 5 days before or on the day of ovulation [4]. You can use the calculator below to estimate your date of ovulation.
Ovulation Calculator
A more accurate way to determine when you are ovulating is to use an ovulation prediction kit. Ovulation prediction kits detect the rise of luteinizing hormone (LH) that occurs from 12 to 36 hours prior to ovulation (luteinizing hormone triggers ovulation). Ovulation prediction kits currently available include Answer, Clear Plan , and First Response. The cost is usually between 20 and 40 dollars for 5 days worth of test strips.
You may wish to use a basal body thermometer for at least 2 months prior to using one of the ovulation prediction kits so that you have an idea how long your menstrual cycle is. Fertility software may also be helpful in charting your cycles.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REFERENCES:
1. Magyar DM, Boyers SP, Marshall JR, Abraham GE.Regular menstrual cycles and premenstrual molimina as indicators of ovulation. Obstet Gynecol. 1979 Apr;53(4):411-4.MEDLINE
2. Daniel R Mishell, Jr.: Infertility:Etiology, Diagnostic Evaluation, Management, Prognosis, In Comprehensive Gynecology, 4th ed., Stenchever M.A. et al (eds.), St Louis,Missouri, Mosby Inc.,2001 pp 1169-1215.
3. Allen J Wilcox, David Dunson, and Donna Day Baird. The timing of the "fertile window" in the menstrual cycle: day specific estimates from a prospective study BMJ 2000; 321: 1259-1262.MEDLINE
4. Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, Baird DD.Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation. Effects on the probability of conception, survival of the pregnancy, and sex of the baby. N Engl J Med. 1995 Dec 7;333(23):1517-21.MEDLNE